Specifications of the PAM-2500
Fluorometer / General Design
Signal detection: PIN-photodiode protected by long-pass filter (T50%=715 nm). Selective window amplifier
Sockets: Connector for Special Fiberoptics 2010-F. USB socket. Sockets for Leaf Clip Holder 2030-B or Micro Quantum/Temperature-Sensor 2060-M, Battery Charger MINI-PAM/L or external 12 V battery via MINI-PAM/AK cable, and external lamp/trigger output
Communication: USB. Bluetooth Version 2.0 + EDR Class 2
User interface: Windows computer with PamWin-3 software
Power consumption: Basic operation 1.6 W, 8 W with all internal light sources operated at maximum output (measuring light, red and blue actinic light, and far red light). Saturation pulse at maximum intensity, 30 W
Power supply: Rechargeable sealed lead-acid battery 12 V/2 Ah; Battery Charger MINI-PAM/L (100 to 240 V AC)
Recharging time: 6 hours (with the PAM-2500 turned off) via Battery Charger MINI-PAM/L
Operating temperature: -5 to +40 °C
Operating humidity range: 20 to 95% RH to avoid condensation
Dimensions: 23 cm x 10.5 cm x 10.5 cm (L x W x H) aluminum housing
Weight: 2.5 kg (including battery)
Fluorometer / Light Output
Measuring light: Red LEDs, maximum emission at 630 nm, FWHM (full width at half maximum) 20 nm. 1 μs pulses at modulation frequencies 10 to 5000 Hz for F0 determinations (200 Hz default), and 1 to 100 kHz during actinic illumination, fast kinetics with 100 or 200 kHz, 20 intensity levels, frequency dependent effective PAR ranging from 0.001 to 100 μmol m-2 s-1
Blue actinic light: LEDs, maximum emission at 455 nm, FWHM 20 nm, PAR up to 800 μmol m-2 s-1, 20 intensity levels
Red actinic light: LEDs, maximum emission at 630 nm, FWHM 15 nm, PAR up to 4000 μmol m-2 s-1, 20 intensity levels
Saturation pulses: Red LEDs (see red actinic light), PAR up to 25000 μmol m-2 s-1, adjustable between 0.1 and 0.8 s, 20 intensity levels
Multiple turn-over flashes: Red LEDs (see red actinic light), PAR up to 25000 μmol m-2 s-1, adjustable between 1 and 800 ms, 20 intensity levels
Single turn-over flashes: Red LEDs (see red actinic light), PAR up to 125000 μmol m-2 s-1, adjustable between 5 and 50 μs
Far-red light: LED, maximum emission at 750 nm, FWHM 25 nm, 20 intensity levels
Special Fiberoptics 2010-F
Design: Flexible, steel-spiral, plastic-covered bundle with three-pin optical connector
Joint end (measuring site): Active diameter 6 mm, outer diameter 8 mm
Length: 100 cm
Weight: 300 g
Distance Clip 60° 2010-A
Design: Metal clip with fiber holder and 11 mm sample hole: 5.5 cm x 1.4 cm (L x W)
Fiber holder: 1.2 cm length, mounted 0.7 cm above base, with lateral screw to fix fiber optics. Angle between fiber optics axis and sample plane: 60°. Two spacer rings to vary the distance between fiber end and leaf surface
Battery Charger MINI-PAM/L
Input: 90 to 264 V AC, 47 to 63 Hz
Output: 19 V DC, 3.7 A
Operating temperature: 0 to 40 °C
Dimensions: 15 cm x 6 cm x 3 cm (L x W x H)
Weight: 300 g
Carrier Bag
Carrier: Robust field carrier bag with shoulder and hip belt
Transport Box 2040-T
Design: Aluminum box with custom foam packing for PAM-2500 and accessories
Dimensions: 60 cm x 40 cm x 25 cm (L x W x H)
Weight: 5 kg
System Control and Data Acquisition
Software: PamWin-3 System Control and Data Acquisition Program
Fluorescence parameters:
Measured: Ft, F0, FM, F, F0' (also calculated), FM'. Fast polyphasic rise and decay kinetics (time resolution up to 10 µs). PAR and °C, using the “Leaf-Clip Holder 2030-B” or the “Micro Quantum/Temp.-Sensor 2060-M”)
Calculated: F0' (also measured), Fv/Fm and Y(II) (maximum and effective photochemical yield of PS II, respectively), qL, qP, qN, NPQ, Y(NPQ), Y(NO) and ETR (electron transport rate), C/F0 (constant fraction of Fo that is assumed to originate from PS I)
Computer Requirements
Processor, 0.8 GHz. RAM, 512 MB. Hard disc space, 50 MB. Screen resolution, 1024 x 600 pixels. Interface, USB 1.1, 2.0 or 3.0. Optional interface, Bluetooth Version 2.0 + EDR, Widcomm Stack. Operating system: Microsoft Windows 10, 11