MODULAR Version DUAL-PAM-100
The MODULAR version of the DUAL-PAM-100 measuring system consists of the Power-and-Control-Unit DUAL-C which can be combined with various emitter and detector heads. Due to novel opto-electronic components, especially developed for the DUAL-PAM-100 measuring system, all emitter and detector units are very compact and easy to handle.
The MODULAR Version can be operated with blue or red fluorescence excitation light. When high sensitivity of fluorescence detection is required, the Photodiode Detector DUAL-DPD and the even more sensitive Photomultiplier Detector DUAL-DPM can replace the standard measuring head.
Front panel of the Power-and-Control-Unit DUAL-C. The device inputs DETECTOR 1 and ...
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Measuring set-up for suspensions using a photomultiplier for fluorescence detection.
Near infra-red emitter unit (left; DUAL-E) and detector unit (right, DUAL-DB) ...
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DUAL-PAM-100 measuring heads connected to a special optical unit for measurement of ...
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Leaf positioned between two measuring heads of the DUAL-PAM-100.
Generally, the MODULAR version provides a very flexible design of the measurement setup depending on the scientific question posed. The subsequent table compiles a number of typical measurement setup of the DUAL-PAM-100.
Possible Combinations of Emitter-Detectors Modules
Basic
Emitter DUAL-E
Detector DUAL-DB or DUAL-DR
PS II: Chlorophyll fluorescence. Excitation blue (460 nm) or red (620 nm). Emission > 700 nm
PS I: Dual wavelength absorbance. Sample wavelength 830 nm. Reference wavelength 870 nm
P515/535 emitter-detector module:
Emitter DUAL-EP515
Detector DUAL-DP515
Scattering changes: Single wavelength absorbance, 535 nm
Electrochromic band shift:
Dual wavelength absorbance.
Sample wavelength, 515 nm.
Reference wavelength, 550 nm
P515/535 emitter-detector module:
Emitter DUAL-EP515
Detector DUAL-DP515
Add-on: Detector DUAL-DR
PS II: Chlorophyll fluorescence.
Excitation red (620 nm).
Emission
> 700 nm.
Electrochromic band shift:
Dual wavelength absorbance.
Sample wavelength 515 nm.
Reference wavelength 550 nm
NADPH fluorescence emitter-detector module:
Emitter DUAL-ENADPH
Detector DUAL-DNADPH
Add-on: Detector DUAL-DR or DUAL-DPD
PS II: Chlorophyll fluorescence.
Excitation red (620 nm).
Emission > 700 nm.
NADPH formation:
NADPH fluorescence.
Excitation, UV-A (365 nm).
Emission, blue-green (420-580 nm)
Acridine Orange (AO) fluorescence emitter-detector module:
Emitter DUAL-EAO
Detector DUAL-DP515
Proton gradient:
Fluorescence of pH sensitive dye.
Excitation, blue (455 nm).
Emission, green (500-570 nm)
Acridine Orange (AO) fluorescence emitter-detector module:
Emitter DUAL-EAO
Detector DUAL-DP515
Add-on: Detector DUAL-DR or DUAL-DPD
PS II: Chlorophyll fluorescence.
Excitation red (620 nm).
Emission > 700 nm.
Proton gradient:
Fluorescence of pH sensitive dye.
Excitation, blue (455 nm).
Emission, green (500-570 nm)
Swipe left and right or use arrows to compare values:
Basic
Emitter DUAL-E
Detector DUAL-DB or DUAL-DR
PS II: Chlorophyll fluorescence. Excitation blue (460 nm) or red (620 nm). Emission > 700 nm
PS I: Dual wavelength absorbance. Sample wavelength 830 nm. Reference wavelength 870 nm
P515/535 emitter-detector module:
Emitter DUAL-EP515
Detector DUAL-DP515
Scattering changes: Single wavelength absorbance, 535 nm
Electrochromic band shift:
Dual wavelength absorbance.
Sample wavelength, 515 nm.
Reference wavelength, 550 nm
P515/535 emitter-detector module:
Emitter DUAL-EP515
Detector DUAL-DP515
Add-on: Detector DUAL-DR
PS II: Chlorophyll fluorescence.
Excitation red (620 nm).
Emission
> 700 nm.
Electrochromic band shift:
Dual wavelength absorbance.
Sample wavelength 515 nm.
Reference wavelength 550 nm
NADPH fluorescence emitter-detector module:
Emitter DUAL-ENADPH
Detector DUAL-DNADPH
Add-on: Detector DUAL-DR or DUAL-DPD
PS II: Chlorophyll fluorescence.
Excitation red (620 nm).
Emission > 700 nm.
NADPH formation:
NADPH fluorescence.
Excitation, UV-A (365 nm).
Emission, blue-green (420-580 nm)
Acridine Orange (AO) fluorescence emitter-detector module:
Emitter DUAL-EAO
Detector DUAL-DP515
Proton gradient:
Fluorescence of pH sensitive dye.
Excitation, blue (455 nm).
Emission, green (500-570 nm)
Acridine Orange (AO) fluorescence emitter-detector module:
Emitter DUAL-EAO
Detector DUAL-DP515
Add-on: Detector DUAL-DR or DUAL-DPD
PS II: Chlorophyll fluorescence.
Excitation red (620 nm).
Emission > 700 nm.
Proton gradient:
Fluorescence of pH sensitive dye.
Excitation, blue (455 nm).
Emission, green (500-570 nm)