DUAL-PAM-100

Version:

Product

P700 & Chlorophyll Fluorescence Measuring System

DUAL-PAM-100

Design
Metal clip with fiber holder and 11 mm diameter sample hole: 5.5 cm x 1.4 cm (L x W)
Fiber holder
1.2 cm length, mounted 0.7 cm above base, with lateral screw to fix fiber optics. Angle between fiber optics axis and sample plane: 60°. Two spacer rings to vary the distance between fiber end and leaf surface
General design
Microcontroller: 2 x AVR-RISC (8 MHz) + 4 MB SRAM; 256 000 data points with 12 bit resolution can be stored
Measuring light
P700-dual-wavelength-emitter: Sample wavelength 830 nm, reference wavelength 870 nm. Fluorescence emitter: 620 nm
Actinic red light
Far-red LED lamp: 720 nm. Chip-on-board (COB) LED array: 635 nm for continuous actinic illumination, maximum 4000 μmol m-2 s-1 PAR. Saturating single turnover flashes, maximal 200 000 μmol m-2 s-1 PAR, adjustable between 5 and 50 μs. Multiple turnover flashes, maximal 20 000 μmol m-2 s-1 PAR, adjustable between 1 and 1000 ms.
Actinic blue light
Blue LED lamp: 460 nm for continuous actinic illumination, maximal 500
μmol m-2 s-1 PAR.
Signal detection
PIN photodiode with special pulse preamplifier for measuring P700 and fluorescence changes with maximal time resolution of 10 μs
Communication
PC interface: USB 1.1, 2.0 and 3.0 compatible
User interface
Windows computer with DualPAM software
Power supply
Rechargeable sealed lead-acid battery 12 V/2 Ah; Battery Charger MINIPAM/L (100 to 240 V AC)
Power consumption
During basic operation 160 mA
Sockets
AUX (for Leaf Clip 2030-B or Cosine-Corrected Mini Quantum Sensor US-MQS/WB), USB (for USB cable), TRIGGER IN (input for 5 V rectangular signals to trigger fast kinetics externally), TRIGGER OUT (output of 5 V rectangular signals to trigger external devices), 2 EXT. SIGNALS (input for external DC signals. Range 0 - 1V or 0 - 5 V), and CHARGE (for MINI-PAM/L charger).
Dimensions
31 cm x 16 cm x 33.5 cm (W x H x D), with carrying handle
Weight
4.5 kg
Design
Flexible, steel-spiral, plastic-covered bundle with three-pin optical connector
Joint end (measuring site)
Active diameter 6 mm, outer diameter 8 mm
Length
100 cm
Weight
300 g
Operating System
Microsoft Windows 10 (32 and 64 bits) and 11; computers that can run these operating systems, can also work with PamWin-4.
General design
2 x AVR-RISC (8 MHz) + 4 MB SRAM; 256 000 data points with 12 bit resolution can be stored
PC interface
USB 1.1, 2.0 and 3.0 compatible
User interface
Windows computer with DualPAM software
Power supply
Rechargeable sealed lead-acid battery 12 V/2 Ah; Battery Charger MINI-PAM/L (100 to 240 V AC)
Power consumption
During basic operation 160 mA
Sockets
6 ports for measuring heads (power for single wavelength and double wavelength modulated measuring light, power for 2 LED arrays, input for 2 detectors), socket for stirrer (plus speed controller and standby switch), AUX (for Leaf Clip 2030-B or Spherical Micro Quantum Sensor US-SQS/WB or Cosine-Corrected Mini Quantum Sensor US-MQS/WB), USB (for USB cable), TRIGGER IN (input for 5 V rectangular signals to trigger fast kinetics externally), TRIGGER OUT (output of 5 V rectangular signals to trigger external devices), 2 EXT. SIGNALS (input for external DC signals. Range 0 - 1V or 0 - 5 V), and CHARGE (for MINI-PAM/L charger)
Dimensions
31 cm x 16 cm x 33.5 cm (W x H x D), with carrying handle
Weight
4.5 kg
Measuring light

P700 dual-wavelength emitter. Sample wavelength 830 nm, reference wavelength 875 nm

Actinic light
Far-red LED lamp: 720 nm. Chip-on-board (COB) LED array: 635 nm for continuous actinic illumination, maximum 3000 μmol m-2 s-1 PAR. Saturating single turnover flashes, maximal 200 000 μmol m-2 s-1 PAR, adjustable between 5 and 50 μs. Multiple turnover flashes, maximal 30 000 μmol m-2 s-1 PAR, adjustable between 1 and 1000 ms
Dimensions
10.5 cm x 5.5 cm x 7 cm (L x W x H)
Weight
400 g (incl. cables, 1 m long)
Fluorescence-measuring light
460 nm (DUAL-DB) or 620 nm (DUAL-DR)
Actinic light
Blue (460 nm) LED lamp for continuous actinic illumination, maximum PAR 1100 μmol m-2 s-1. Chip-on-board LED array identical to that of DUAL-E measuring head
Signal detection
PIN photodiode with special pulse preamplifier for measuring P700 and fluorescence changes with maximal time resolution of 30 μs. Fluorescence is detected at wavelengths longer than 700 nm
Dimensions
15 cm x 5.5 cm x 7 cm (L x W x H)
Weight
500 g (including cables, 1 m long)
Design
Aluminum box with custom foam packing for DUAL-PAM-100 and accessories
Dimensions
60 cm x 40 cm x 25 cm (L x W x H)
Weight
5 kg
Signal detection
PIN photodiode with special pulse preamplifier. Fluorescence is detected at wavelengths longer than 650 nm
Filter holder
For optical filters (standard 30 x 30 mm), up to 15 mm thick
Dimensions
9.7 cm x 7.1 cm x 7.8 cm (L x W x H)
Weight
350 g
Signal detection
8 mm diameter side-on photomultiplier tube with a high voltage power supply assembled in a compact aluminum housing (Hamamatsu H6779). Two filters are provided for fluorescence detection at wavelengths > 650 nm or > 700 nm
Filter holder
With cover. For optical filters (standard 30 x 30 mm), up to 15 mm thick
Dimensions
100 mm x 66 mm x 108 mm (L x W x H)
Weight
490 g (incl. cable, 1.5 m long)

Amplifier Box PM-101/N

Included in extent of delivery of NADPH/9-AA Photomultiplier Detector Unit or Photomultiplier Detector DUAL-DPM

Design
Aluminum chassis with texture paint. Line input 115/230 V AC, 50-60 Hz, 0.04/0.02 A. Two rotary buttons permit selection of 6 coarse amplification factors which 11 subdivisions
Dimensions
11 cm x 11 cm x 7 cm (L x W x H)
Weight
700 g
Design
Two-way adapter consisting of male and female 15 pin sockets with aluminum housing
Dimensions
11 cm x 4 cm x 1.5 cm (L x W x H)
Weight
110 g
Design of sensor

Mini quantum sensor for selective PAR (photosynthetically active radiation) measurement, cosine corrected for PPFD (photosynthetical photon flux density) measurement.

Sensor housing

Black anodized aluminum housing

Diffuser material

Perspex

Signal detection

High stability silicone photovoltaic detector with filter set for PAR correction (to learn more about the typical sensitivity see “General Features”). Signal output typically -2 μA / (1000 μmol m-2 s-1)

Temperature coefficient of photodiode

0.01 %/K

Absolute calibration

± 5 %

Angular dependence

error < 4 % between angles from -80° to +80° from normal axis

Immersion coefficient

Typically 1.32

Operating temperature

- 5 °C … + 45 °C

Cable length

3 m

Connector

BNC

Power supply

Not required

Size

Height: 16 mm
Diameter: 14 mm
Diffuser diameter: 5.5 mm

Weight

32 g

Design

Aluminum box with custom foam packing

Dimensions
60 cm x 40 cm x 25 cm (L x W x H)
Weight
5 kg

Accessories

Design
Cuvette is a sandwich of two 2 x 2 cm aluminum frames, each holding the end part of a Walz standard Perspex rod to connect various measuring heads of the DUAL-PAM-100 or DUAL-KLAS-NIR. Distance between Perspex rod and leaf: ca. 1 mm on each leaf side.
Pneumatically separated upper and lower cuvette halves. Controlled by a regulator unit with sockets for cable connections to the Control Unit 3000 C of the GFS-3000 and a trigger input line.
Cuvette temperature
Pt 100 type A (located near the Peltier elements), range -10 to 50 °C, accuracy ±0.1 °C
Temperature control
Set point value for cuvette temperature. Cuvette temperature ranging from 10 degrees below ambient to max. +50 °C
Leaf temperature measurement
Thermocouple, range -10 to 50 °C, accuracy ±0.2 °C
External miniature quantum sensor
Mini Quantum Sensor MQS-B/GFS: Selective PAR measurement, range 0 to 2500 μmol m-2 s-1 PAR, accuracy ±5%, cosine corrected
Leaf area
1.3 cm2
Trigger in
Triggers at 5 V → 0 V signal change
Operating temperature
-5 to 45 °C
Dimensions
Assembled cuvette: 10 cm x 4 cm x 12 cm (L x W x H), electronics box : 7 cm x 7 cm x 15 cm (L x W x H)
Weight
Cuvette, electronics box, cables, and mounting frame: 1.7 kg; Mounting Stand ST-101: 2 kg
Design

Black-anodized aluminum body with central 10 x 10 mm glass cuvette; for attachment of Measuring Heads and Miniature Magnetic Stirrer PHYTO-MS; additional ports for attachment of two additional measuring heads

Weight

750 g

Temperature Control Block ED-101US/T
Sectioned block with central 10 x 10 mm opening to be mounted on top of the ED-101US/MD unit; to be connected to external flow-through water bath (not included), weight: 250 g
Miniature Magnetic Stirrer PHYTO-MS

Based on a device manufactures by h+p (type Variomag-Mini); featuring adapter to be mounted in the bottom port of the Optical Unit ED-101US/MD; powered and controlled by the Power-and-Control-Unit

Spherical Micro Quantum Sensor US-SQS/WB

3.7 mm Ø diffusing sphere coupled to integrated PAR sensor via 2 mm diameter fiber; compact amplifier unit and special holder for mounting on Optical Unit ED-101US/MD; to be connected tot the Power-and-Control Unit

Temperature Control Block ED-101US/T
Sectioned block with central 10 x 10 mm opening to be mounted on top of the ED-101US/MD unit; to be connected to external flow-through water bath (not included), weight 250 g
Miniature Magnetic Stirrer PHYTO-MS
Based on device manufactured by h+p (type Variomag-Mini); featuring adapter to be mounted in bottom port of the Optical Unit ED-101US/MD; powered and controlled by the Power-and-Control-Unit DKN-C
Spherical Micro Quantum Sensor US-SQS/WB
3.7 mm ø diffusing sphere coupled to integrated PAR sensor via 2 mm diameter fiber; compact amplifier unit and special holder for mounting on Optical Unit ED-101US/MD; to be connected to the Power-and-Control Unit DKN-C
Design
Quartz glass cuvette, cross section: 10 mm x 10 mm, external dimensions: 12.5 mm x 12.5 mm x 26 mm (L x W x H). Special cuvette holder to position the cuvette between two measuring heads. U-shaped black-anodized aluminum shields to screen out external light. Three sealing gaskets to protect lower measuring head from spills
Design

Magnetic stirrer driven by a rotating magnetic field; the PHYTO-MS is connected to Power-and-Control Unit PHYTO-II-C; a special adapter plug allows the insertion in the bottom port of the Optical Unit ED-101US/MP

Weight
16 g
Display
Three line LCD display
Control range
0 °C to 50 °C at 0.1 K steps
Operating voltage
11 V – 14 V DC
Maximum Peltier current
1 A
Size
105 mm x 90 mm x 130 mm (W x H x D)
Weight
0.57 kg

Power-and-Control Unit US-T/DR

Display
Three line LCD display
Control range
0 °C to 50 °C at 0.1 K steps
Operating voltage
11 V - 14 V DC
Maximum Peltier current
1 A
Size
105 mm x 90 mm x 130 mm (W x H x D)
Weight
0.57 kg

Peltier Heat-Transfer Head US-T/DS

Achievable temperatures
12 K below ambient temperature, 15 K above ambient temperature (Quartz cuvette placed in Optical Unit for Suspensions ED-101US/MD with 1.5 mL water and stirrer PHYTO-MS on)
Size
⌀ 55 mm, 110 mm height
Cable length
130 cm
Weight

0.29 kg (including cable)

AC Adapter

Input

100 V - 240 V AC 1.5 A 50-60 Hz

Output
12 V DC 5.5 A
Size

130 mm x 56 mm x 30 mm (L x W x H)

Weight
0.50 kg (including cable)
Design
Tube-shaped fiber tip holder composed of polyoxymethylene (POM; 4.5 cm x 2.5 cm, L x D max,) with recessed permanent neodymium magnet. Spring steel band (0.3 mm thick, 1.5 cm wide) consisting of two arms (2 cm and 5 cm, respectively) which form a right angle. The leaf is positioned between the 2 cm arm and the fiber optics tip. The 5 cm arm is attached to the fiber tip holder by the magnet. The 5 cm arm runs in a slit guide. Including a stand with fiberoptics guide
Cuvette

Round stainless steel cuvette (7.5 mm wide, 9.0 mm deep) with top window adapter for connecting the fiberoptics; embedded in PVC body with injection port for Hamilton syringes and hose nozzles for connecting an external flow-through water bath (not included). Including three 6.0 x 1.5 mm magnetic stir bars

Magnetic stirrer
To drive the magnetic flea in the Suspension Cuvette KS-2500; with PVC ring for centering the cuvette and miniature stand to fix the fiberoptics on top of the cuvette
Design
Right angle bracket made of black anodized aluminum, with metal rod for attachment to a laboratory stand, each bracket arm with special adapter made of Polyoxymethylene (POM) to position a measuring head. Including a laboratory scissor jack and non-fluorescent rubber foam mat
Dimensions
Holder, 10.0 cm x 4.0 cm x 5.5 cm (W x D x H). Laboratory scissor jack, 14.0 cm x 12.0 cm x 6.0 cm (W x D x H)
Weight
Holder, 175 g. Laboratory scissor jack, 1370 g
Design
Consisting of black anodized aluminum baseplate with gear rack on which one measuring head holder is mounted on a movable stage which can be precisely positioned along the gear rack by a lateral adjustment knob. Includes a 13 cm lab stand rod, which can be fixed (screwed) to the bottom of the baseplate, and a 3 mm Allen wrench
Dimensions
18.5 cm x 11.5 cm x 12 cm (L x W x H, max. without lab stand rod)
Weight
1050 g
Dimensions

Base plate, 40 cm x 30 cm

Height

73.5 cm, diameter 1.5 cm

Weight

2.8 kg

Design
Clip made of aluminum with felt contact areas and sliding shutter
Dimensions
6.5 cm x 2 cm (max.) x 1.5 cm (max.) (L x W x H)
Weight
3.6 g
Design
Cosine-response mini quantum sensor for selective measurement of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR, 400 – 700 nm) with Perspex diffuser disk as light entrance and signal amplifier box
Signal detection
High stability silicone photovoltaic detector with filter set providing equal response to photon fluxes across the PAR spectral range. The typical signal output of the detector is 2 μA / (1000 μmol m‑2 s‑1)
Temperature coefficient of photodiode
0.01 %/K
Absolute calibration
± 5 %
Angular dependence
error < 4 % between angles from -80° to +80° from normal axis
Immersion coefficient
Typically 1.32
Cable length
3 m
Size: Height
16 mm; diameter: 14 mm; Diffuser diameter: 5.5 mm
Weight
32 g
Amplifier box
Two amplification ranges (0 to 1000 and 0 to 20,000 μmol m‑2 s‑1, each range corresponding to 0 to 2.5 V DC). To be connected to the Leaf Clip Holder 2030-B port of the PAM-CONTROL unit. Power provided by the PAM-CONTOL unit. Dimensions: 5 cm x 3 cm x 5 (W x H x D). Weight: 200 g.
Measuring light
520 and 550 nm dual wavelength pair, 535 nm single wavelength
Actinic light
Identical to that of Measuring Head DUAL-E
Dimensions
15 cm x 5.5 cm x 7 cm (L x W x H)
Weight
400 g (incl. cable, 1 m long)
Signal detection
PIN photodiode with special pulse preamplifier. Detection window, 400 nm – 580 nm
Dimensions
15 cm x 5.5 cm x 7 cm (L x W x H)
Weight
400 g (incl. cable, 1 m long)
NADPH measuring light
365 nm
Chlorophyll fluorescence measuring light
Modulated excitation 620 nm
Actinic light
Far red LED lamp: 740 nm. Chip-on-board LED array identical to that of DUAL-E
Dimensions
15 cm x 5.5 cm x 7 cm (L x W x H)
Weight
500 g
Signal detection
Blue-sensitive photomultiplier with filter sandwich transmitting from 420-550 nm
Dimensions
10 cm x 6.5 cm x 10.5 cm (L x W x H)
Weight
460 g (incl. cable, 1 m long)
AO measuring light
455 nm
Dimensions
10.5 cm x 5.5 cm x 7 cm (L x W x H)
Weight
400 g (incl. cables, 1 m long)
Signal detection
PIN photodiode with special pulse preamplifier. Detection window, 500 nm – 580 nm
Chlorophyll fluorescence measuring light
Modulated excitation at 620 nm
Actinic light
Blue (460 nm) LED lamp for continuous actinic illumination, maximum PAR 700 μmol m-2 s-1. Chip-on-board LED array identical to that of DUAL-E measuring head
Dimensions
15 cm x 5.5 cm x 7 cm (L x W x H)
Weight
500 g (incl. cable, 1 m long)